Nosema apis Review

Original in Spanish

Nosema was one of the most important bee illnesses that were detected in Argentina in the 50's approximately. Since then, its study, early detection and its treatment have been improving widely. Gabriel Sarlo presents in this edition a very complete and extensive work that also inspires the title of our editorial because it showes not only the knowledge acquired along years, even also some practices forgotten by many beekeepers.

Published on July 2006

ARGENTINE BEEKEEPING MAGAZINE
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CURRENT INFORMATION ABOUT ARGENTINE BEEKEEPING
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Main titles of the 73rd edition of ESPACIO APICOLA,
June - July - 2006.

Index
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EDITOR WORDS:
FROM NEW AND OLD THINGS...
Fernando L EstebanCordoba: (July 2006) - We have a new beekeeping season in front of us and, waiting for a good weather, starting to rain better early than late, so that new flowers give to our bees the vigor that the irregular winter removed excessively.
The apiary handling is always the same and it is always new. When we begin in the activity everything it is new, through the years some practices seem to be uncomfortable, not very transcendent or directly useless but, as everything chages, all movement has new balance points and what we eliminated for considering old and obsolete, nowadays has validity again. Some of the practices suggested by Sarlo take us back to our teachers, Don Carlos Casas, Don Guillermo Friedrich, Manuel Oliver, Hugo Ramos, just to name the local ones - from Córdoba - who set the course since the first numbers of our "Espacio Apícola" magazine. Rereading those articles or considering some of Sarlo's proposals again is like evaluating year by year what suit better, if leaving honey in the beehive or buying sugar... no matter if we have preference for one or another practice, we always must take the most convenient according to the circumstances.
In the second part of this "Espacio Apícola", we show the dynamism that the Argentine Beekeeping has nowadays, from the primary production to those industries that supply the internal market and compite with the external.
Although the perspective that the country is guided toward a rational use of the soil, or toward the recovery of natural ecosystems, or toward a balanced and integral agricultural program, is very low; we believe the honey price can stay and justify the effort of going where the bees find a better habitat to produce. Flora work presentations from marginal or highly risky areas, mainly for the bad fame that some people gave them, must be considered. Enjoy your "Espacio Apícola" (Beekeeping Space), see you soon.

Fernando L. Esteban - Director
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NOSEMA: Causes, Diagnostic and Treatment
- Gabriel Sarlo
Mar del Plata - Buenos Aires - Argentina

Synthesis of the presentation gave by Edgardo Sarlo, from the Arthropods Laboratory of the Faculty of Exact Sciences - Mar del Plata National University, during the “XIV Fair and Beekeeping Meeting fron the Centre of the Country” last May in San Francisco, Córdoba.
It is a complete upgrade mainly about what is known, until now, of this bee illness, factors that contribute to its development, its diagnosis, its treatment and characteristics that justify the monitoring strategy suggested by Sarlo in "Espacio Apícola" 67th edition (April - May / 2005).
The conference and answers to consultations lasted more than two hours.
"The studies about Nosema that I am presenting, belong to the Southwest of Buenos Aires province and it's going to be shown the situation of that area. - Sarlo starts saying - This illness has different forms of showing according to the area where the beekeeping activity is developed, because each one of them has its factor to shot the illness and generate those picks that we must try to avoid. We are seeing also some basic handling rules necessary to avoid it, but each area has its particular characteristic."
The subtitles we present the dissertation, with their illustrations and graphics, are the following ones:
- ETIOLOGY - DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT
- NOSEMA THROUGH HISTORY
- PARASITE ENVIRONMENT
- PARASITE CYCLE
- DISSEMINATION OF INFECTIOUS MASSES
- ILLNESS CONSEQUENCES
- CONSEQUENCES IN WINTER AND PRE-SEASON
- CONSEQUENCES IN THE QUEEN BEE AND THE BREEDING
- NOSEMA SHOT FACTORS
1. - CLIMATIC FACTOR
2. - HUMAN FACTOR
3. - LATE TREATMENTS
4. - INFECTIOUS MASSES
- DON'T FEAR THE COLD
- MEASURES OF PREVENTION
- PROPHYLAXIS
- DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENTS
- SPORES COUNT
- TASK IN LABORATORY

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API-EXP SAN FRANCISCO 2006 - A representative sample of the Argentine Beekeeping
- Editorial Article

Alicia Basilio during her expositionApilifeVar stand
On the left Alicia Basilio. On the right, stand of Chemical Laif from Italy.

With its traditional beekeeper public, that was over 2000 visitors, the fair contributed to show the growth of the beekeeping sector in the country and its projection to the world. Last days of May 5, 6 and 7th, "Espacio Apícola" carried out in San Francisco the "XIVth Fair and Beekeeping Meeting from the Center of the Country", in the Voluntary Fireman facilities of San Francisco, Córdoba province.

Stand de la firma Arroyito ApiculturaAngelica Tamame
On the left Mr. Eleftherios Pantelakis from Anel Standard (Greece) visiting the "Arroyito Apicultura" stand. On the right Miss María Angélica Tamame showing Centaurea solstitialis honeys to taste.

The review, full of color pictures shows all the activities developed, it describes among other: the PROFILE MANAGER, the listing of NATIONAL COMPANIES PRESENT IN THE MEETING and the presence of FOREIGN COMPANIES.

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BEEKEEPERS AS PROTAGONISTS, TECHNICAL AND ACADEMIC SUPPORT
- Editorial Article

Afiche de productores de Ischilin
Poster of the "Dean Funes Producers Assn." Departament of Ischilín, Córdoba. Argentina.

In the "Fairs and Beekeeping Meeting from the Center of the Country", since several years we have been developing the "Meeting of Argentinean Beekeeping Regions" in order to promote the differentiation of the beekeeping products according to their origin region. It is a space where the beekeepers and professionals, can hang a poster refered to their work area, the flora that composes the ecosystem, the type of handling the company makes and the honey characteristics, the pollen or the propolis that is harvested there.
As the beginnings, the place we offer to hang posters looking for strengtening the Meeting helps to increase the exchange of experiences among producers and it brings near to everybody the knowledge and practice of the beekeepers and professional who are next to te producer.
Some posters presented and published in this edition are: REGIONS OF BEEKEEPING IMPORTANCE IN THE DELTA OF PARANA RIVER by Natalia Fracassi and Laura Gurini; ESPERANZA - SANTA FE presented by Dening and Castillo families; BEEKEEPING PROJECT FROM DEAN FUNES presented by beekeepers of the Northwest of Córdoba, among others.
Also during the “XIV Fair and Beekeeping Meeting from the Center of the Country" the "Palyno-Net" was constituted, an initiative of the investigators dedicated to the honeys clasification in our Country. The idea was summed up around the Argentinean Beekeeping Meeting that summons year by year all the palynologist and investigators dedicated to define the characteristics of monofloral honeys and regional honeys in the different provinces.
Most of the beekeepers and Professional interested in looking for alternatives to minimize the disastrous results of the soya cultivation expansion in marginal regions and in the "Pampa Húmeda" as for the honey production as for meat and milk production, assisted to the convocation “For an Agricultural integration”.
Among the public that attended and participated in the talks, and later share the experinces of Héctor Suriak, Herman Zorzin (see Espacio Apícola 65th) and Patricio Crespo (see Espacio Apícola 72nd), were beekeepers of different provinces even Mr. Saccavino who was one of the pioneers in the practice of sowing for bees, in the border region of Santa Fe and Córdoba, near San Francisco. It was talked about the works of Fernando and Gabriel Vairolatti (see Espacio Apícola 52nd) who were present.

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JUJUY - ARGENTINA: POLLEN CONTAINED OF HONEYS FROM JUJUY
- Ana Carina Sánchez and Liliana Lupo
anacarina_s@yahoo.com
lupoli@imagine.com.ar
Faculty of Agrarian Sciences - National University of Jujuy - Jujuy - Argentina

For the first time we have the pleasure of publishing a beekeeping flora report of Jujuy province. There the activity is having an important growth in the last years. This work was presented during the “XIV Fair and Beekeeping Meeting from the Center of the Country”.
INTRODUCTION
The flora wealth of Jujuy province is shown in the five phytogeographic provinces: "Chaqueña", "Yungas", "Prepuna", "Puna" and "Altoandina" (Cabrera, 1976), among those, only the first three have a commercial beekeeping activity. The natural nutritious resource that these provinces contribute with is complemented with the human action that brings valued species for the beehive. The honeys present variations of their physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristics as a consequence of the diversity of botanical origins (Carretero 1989, Tellería, 2001). At the moment, due to the beekeeping productiion conditions in the region, we must point to the segment of bottled honeys, with identity of botanical and geographical origin that allows us to get better prices and reach new markets (Bedascarrasbure, 1995).
The present work looks for analyzing the pollen contained of honeys coming from different province regions, determining which are the main types.
- Materials and Methods
- Results
- Discussion and Conclusion
- Bibliography

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First on-line edition March 5th of 1997


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